By using your testprep software and audio files i am currently carrying a 4. Dupont groundgrid ground stabilization system is a geotextile grid used for ground stabilization in landscape and construction projects. Ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding limits. The indices for ground grid safety are expressed and grounding grid analysis had done with the cymgrd software. Annex c of the standard uses a graphical method to approximate the grid current. Computer aided design of transformer stations grounding. The use of a swage ground connection improves field safety, facilitates a better quality installation, improves constructability and project efficiency with time and labor savings in all weather site conditions. Pvsyst is a pc software package for the study, sizing, simulation and data analysis of complete pv systems. Development of earth parameter estimation software and its application in the design of ground grid. During my simulation of the ground grid study, i noticed that the maximum grid area that etap can calculate is 10,000 sqm. Pdf design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of extra. Power substation design calculations a checklist of 18. A surveyor may measure angles on the ground relative to any of several definitions of north. From cdegs the concrete foundations reinforcement bars are generally connected to the grounding grid and may improve the grounding performance of the grid.
Integrated grounding system analysis program for windows. Safety assessment of a substation ground grid with a software. An extensive study of earthing grids using safegrid software designed for determining performance of grids of arbitrary geometrical configuration in two layer soils has been undertaken. Ground grid study windturbinesarefine electrical 18 jan 10.
It uses a generalpurpose finite element algorithm for potential analysis and graphical facilities to validate ground system efficiency. It is designed to help optimize grid design or reinforce existing grids of any shape. Advanced grounding concepts grounding analysis and. Eatons cymgrd software is a substation grounding grid design and analysis program specially developed to help engineers optimize the design of new grids. Standartpark 4 inch thick geo grid ground grid polyethylene. Ground grid systems software ground grid design ieee 80.
The 500kv substations are important for power system in pakistan. At substations, grounding grids serve a dual purpose of providing currents with a safe path to earth under normal and fault conditions without exceeding the operating tolerances of station equipment. Powertech labs conducts ground grid assessments and studies, and facilitates different grounding related testing. These studies also help to determine grid hot spots enabling the. The main objective of a substation grounding study is to design safe. Grounding grid calculations in etap mike holts forum. About applying a ground to grid correctionhelp arcgis.
This software is suited for grounding studies of electrically small installations where circulating currents within the grid are negligible, where above ground structures and busses are not relevant for the study and where extensive external metallic infrastructure does not exist close to the substation. Standard equations are used in the design of earthing system to get desired parameters such as touch and step voltage criteria for safety, earth. Is using cdegs for design of the substation earthing. In 2009, uzunlar and kalenderli used cymgrd software to make a computer model for analysis of grounding systems conforming to ieee standards. The ground grid system ggs module included in latest version of etap i. Classical grounding studies low frequency, equipotential systems. Soil measurement data based on wenner fourpin method. The purpose of this paper is provide knowledge about the gpr, substation grounding grid and step and touch potentials. Dupont groundgrid ground stabilization 4 x 25 small grid. Short circuit analysis short circuit software etap. Standartpark 2 thick geo grid ground grid polyethylene 160 sq ft 1885 lbs per sq ft strength. The grounding systems described in this study consists of a 110 x 80 m grounding grid plus additional ring 5m away from grid.
Extensive study of earthing grids electrotechnik pty ltd. Called the etap tech support, but could not get information. Fast analysis of irregular largescale renewable ground grid application. This software is suited for grounding studies of electrically small installations where circulating currents within the grid are negligible, where. Gsflow is a coupled groundwater and surfacewater flow model based on the usgs precipitationrunoff modeling system prms, modflow2005, and modflownwt. Gsa grounding system analysis for regular application applicable in most. Overview on etap capabilities in ground grid system design and analysis using ieee 80 standard and finite element method fem.
Advanced power concepts po box 49116, atlanta ga 30359, phone fax. Mathematically, the actual fault current can be broken into two parts, a symmetrical alternating component and a unidirectional. The voltage between local soil and a grounded object that extends. Software development of optimal substation ground grid. Because the grid model is not perfectly aligned with the ground there is a whole field of study on this, there is distortion depending where you are on the grid. The open circuit handtofoot voltage during a ground fault. For comparison of the calculations done by both techniques, the obtained results are shown in table 3.
It is suitable for grid connected, standalone and dc grid public transport systems, and offers an extensive meteorological and pvcomponents database. Here, two layer soil models are considered with upper and lower layer soil resistivity of 400 ohmm each is used. Aug 02, 2017 an extensive study of earthing grids using safegrid software designed for determining performance of grids of arbitrary geometrical configuration in two layer soils has been undertaken. Just to let you know i only had to take my airframe and general. Choose the type of study you want to dolike basic bible study or sermon prepand logos walks you through each step. Ground grid systems software ground grid design ieee. Skm groundmat is a program for substation ground grid design and analysis. The plant which im doing the study on is definitely bigger than that. You may set constants the ground to grid correction for directions and distances so that the software can correctly convert between the ground and grid measurements. If done the first time, clicking the new study case button will create a copy of the default study case. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and. Design of earth grid for a 3311kv gis substation at a. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. A rectangular grid configuration with dimension 150 m.
Optimal design of substation grounding grid based on genetic. The ground fault current in this study is assumed to be 7 ka. The cymgrd software is a substation grounding grid design and analysis program specially developed to help engineers optimize the design of new grids and reinforce existing grids, of any shape, by virtue of easy to use, builtin danger point evaluation facilities. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. Simply expand the threedimensional honeycomb structure, place it on your project surface and fill with gravel, soil, sand or other mineral infill to create a strong and stable surface. I scored 96% on my airframe and a 98% on my general. Our 2 thick ground grid is perfect for all sorts of projects. Figure 3 illustrates the 3 dimensions 3d and contour profile for the case r014p16.
Cyme power engineering software the cyme power engineering software is a suite of applications composed of a network editor, analysis modules and usercustomizable model libraries from which you can choose to get the most powerful solution. Development of earth parameter estimation software and its. Nov 15, 2010 this is the first time that ill be doing a calculation on the ground grid study of a plant. If you are also using the smart ground meter for measurements that data also integrates into the program as well. In high and medium voltage air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and conductors and by the atmospheric conditions surges, induce voltages at nolive parts of the installation that create potential differences between metallic parts and ground and also between different points of. Made from polyethylene material which lasts the test of time, and will hold any type of aggregate or filling. This paper also details a ground grid integrity testing method that can be deployed to track the health of the ground grid. Dec 11, 2015 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Design and analysis of substation grounding grid with and without considering seasonal factors using edsa software mithun mondal, dr r.
We use skms stateoftheart groundmat software module. Advanced power concepts grounding analysis and design software. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic. Sep 12, 2014 overview on etap capabilities in ground grid system design and analysis using ieee 80 standard and finite element method fem. Grounding grid consists of rectangular cross section fezn. This voltage, gpr, is equal to the maximum grid current times the grid resistance. Introduction in designing and construction of an electric substation, one of the most important issues that must be considered is designing of protective system to the earth. Jr, arkansas northeast college the software was a fantastic study guide. The difference in potential between metallic objects or structures within the substation site that may be bridged by direct handtohand or handtofeet contact. Flow of the earth system, cause voltage gradients ground. Review of substation grounding practices, safety and. Gpr studies use a series of calculations to determine step and touch voltages in accordance with specific standards. It is clear that the ground potential rise gpr as well as.
To consider substation expansions, the ground grid is examined using software and, if required, extended to meet the ground potential rise gpr, touch and. Etap does this by creating a duplicate copy of the existing study case. International journal of engineering trends and technology. Safety assessment of a substation ground grid with a software package this presentation covers the case study of a substation ground grid safety performance. Design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of extra. Install mesh grounding system as shown in figure 9 to create an equipotential surface. Also he is involved in the study of software applications in the. Tylavsky, chair john undrill raja ayyanar arizona state university. It uses a generalpurpose finite element algorithm for potential analysis and graphical facilities to validate ground system. Display any combination of variables from multiple studiescases on a single graph.
I am performing a ground grid study using etap, but am not able to understand how it works. They cover large area meeting the power requirement of whole power system. The analysis of mesh is carried out using both ieee 802000 and finite element methods for the evaluation of important ground grid mesh parameters. Furthermore, amount of current that may flow through.
Difference between the symmetrical current wave and the actual current wave during a power system transient condition, see fig 2. Ground potential rise gpr is a concern in the design of substation grounding grid. Standartpark easypave grid 2 depth permeable paver system 88,000 lb load rated diy rv pads, driveways, parking, and more. Analyzers, plots and reports allow for quick determination of the worstcase fault current device duty. The maximum touch voltage experienced while standing within a mesh of a ground grid and touching a grounding object. Etap short circuit software makes it easy to go from selecting elements, from the comprehensive library of short circuit current ratings, to performing dozens of different types of short circuit analysis.
A comparison of ground grid mesh design and optimization for. The study confirms work by dawalibi and mukhedkar undertaken using similar software called cdegs. Detailed short circuit calculation using etap pac basics. The maximum touch voltage within a mesh of a ground grid. Analytical methods for earth surface potential calculation. Communicate results more efficiently with graphical comparisons. Once done, the new study case will be available on the dropdown menu. The study of each of the mentioned parameters has been used to develop weight factors based on the effect of each parameter upon the grounding grid performance represented in grounding grid.
Substation at a high soil resistivity site using cymgrd software. The etap software version 12 is used for modeling and analysis of network. My main problem is how to enter data in the ground grid and how to link the ground grid to the single line. The computation program modules resap, malt and fcdist are used for this study. Soil resistivity and ground resistance for dry and wet soil.
The single lineto ground fault current is actually divided and redivided as it passes through the grid, reducing the actual current at any given point in the system. A ground grid mat study will determine if your substation grounding grid design is safe and will limit the touch and step potential to values below the ieee 80 standard ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding limits. We use skms stateof theart groundmat software module and accurately determine the touch and step. Ground grid systems software capabilities fast analysis of irregular largescale renewable ground grid application. Grounding, electromagnetic fields, interference and lightning. The new study case button initializes the creation of a new study case. A grid scale factor can be computed and the combination of the grid and elevation scale factors is known as the combined scale factor or csf. Integrated software for power engineers the ptw study case manager is the ultimate tool for storing and comparing study results. There are six distribution feeders on the low side coming from the wind farm generation and the step up transformers are wyewye. Nov 08, 2014 design analysis and optimization of ground grid mesh of extra high voltage substation using an intelligent software abstract. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic algorithm and pattern search by qianzhi zhang a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science approved november 2014 by the graduate supervisory committee.
The ground grid will be for a substation with a low side of 34. Recommends an optimallydesigned safe ground grid that uses accurate modeling techniques, and enables possible material and labor savings while meeting all ieee 80 safety requirements. The steps to create a ground grid system presentation ground grid design are as follows. Pdf soil resistivity and ground resistance for dry and wet soil.
Modflowusg uses an unstructuredgrid approach to simulate groundwater flow and tightly coupled processes using a control volume finitedifference formulation. Location of maximum touch and step potential can be known by fem method from the plots. Is a module for earth grid calculation and design in the frequency domain, including soil analysis and represents the state of the art of grounding software. This paper will present ground potential rise gpr causes, effects, variations in the values gpr in high voltage substations. Grounding design calculations part ten electrical knowhow. Made from polyethylene material which lasts the test of time, and will hold any type of aggregate or filling you desire to fill.